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Constructivism
- 1. “Not the old, Not the new, but the necessary.” - Vladimir Tatlin
- 2. Beginnings • Originated in Russia after the World War I. • Rejection of the idea of autonomous art. • Founded by Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Tatlin and 25 other artists. • Used as a catalyst for social change. • Everything was about usefulness. “Art for everyone! Art for the people!” • Aleksei Gan used the word “Constructivism” as a title of his book.
- 3. World War I and Russian revolution • World War 1, 1914-1918 • The revolution of February 1917 ended Tsarist rule (Nicholas II) and replaced it with a Provisional Government. • The revolution of October 1917 replaced the Provisional Government with the Bolshevik Red Army (Vladimir Lenin). • Civil war was held during 1917-1922 between the Red Army (Bolsheviks) and the White Army (Kerensky‟s forces). The Red Army defeated the White Army.
- 4. Vladimir Tatlin 1885-1953 • A painter and an architect. One of the founders of this movement. • Tatlin‟s „Monument for the Third International‟ (1919-1920) saw the birth of constructivism. • The monument was to be both, functional and dynamic, proving an inspiration for many other constructivist artists. Model for the Monument to the Third International - 1919
- 5. El lissitzky 1890-1941 Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge, 1920 Red Wedge – Bolsheviks. White Circle – Kerensky‟s Forces. USSR Exhibition Poster - 1929
- 6. El lissitzky The story of two squares, A children‟s book - 1922. Neuer, New Man – 1923
- 7. Alexander Rodchenko 1891-1956 • One of the founders of this movement. • Photographer, artist & graphic designer. Used Photomontage. • For him, design was not a matter of AESTHETICS. It was a catalyst for SOCIAL CHANGE. Poster for rubber pacifiers. “There is no better dummies than…", 1923
- 8. Alexander Rodchenko Advertisement of GUM (Government Universal Poster for film “Hino-Glaz” [Cinema-Eye] - 1924 Poster for Dziga Vertov's film - "One-Sixth of Store). The most business, the tidiest. 1923 the World“ – 1926
- 9. Alexander Rodchenko Lilya Brik Lengiz, Books on every subject (against book censorship) - 1923
- 10. Gustav Klutsis 1895-1938 • Latvian, photographer, constructivist. • Known for Soviet Revolution and Stalinist Propaganda. • Despite being loyal to Stalin, he was disappeared in 1938. It was found out later in 1989 that he was hanged by Stalin‟s orders. Workers, everyone must vote in the election of Soviet! – 1930.
- 11. Gustav Klutsis Building Socialism under the Banner of Lenin - The USSR is the Stakhanovism brigade of the 1930 world‟s proletariat - 1931
- 12. Alexander Rodchenko - Lengiz, Books on Franz Ferdinand – You could have it every subject - 1923 so much better - 2005 El Lissitzky - Beat the Whites with the Franz Ferdinand - This Fire (cover) - Red Wedge, 1920 2004 Taking inspiration from Alexander Rodchenko - Poster for Franz Ferdinand – Take me out - 2004 Constructivism Dziga Vertov's film - 1926